銑削是使用旋轉切割器通過將切割器沿特定方向推進(或進給)到工件中來從工件上去除材料[1]的加工過程[2]。 刀具也可以相對於刀具的軸線保持一個角度。[3] 銑削涵蓋各種不同的操作和機器,從小型零件到大型重型組合銑削作業。 它是加工定制零件到精確公差的最常用工藝之一。
銑削可以用各種各樣的機床完成。 銑削機床的原始類別是銑床(通常稱為軋機)。 在計算機數控(CNC)出現後,銑床發展成為加工中心:由自動換刀器,刀庫或傳送帶,數控功能,冷卻系統和外殼增強的銑床。 銑削中心通常分類為立式加工中心(VMC)或臥式加工中心(HMC)。
銑削與車削環境的集成,反之亦然,最初是車床的現場加工,偶爾使用銑刀進行車削加工。 這導致了一類新的機床,多任務機床(MTM),這些機床專門用於在相同的工作範圍內進行銑削和車削。
Milling is the machining process of using rotary cutters to remove material[1] from a workpiece by advancing (or feeding) the cutter into the workpiece at a certain direction[2]. The cutter may also be held at an angle relative to the axis of the tool.[3] Milling covers a wide variety of different operations and machines, on scales from small individual parts to large, heavy-duty gang milling operations. It is one of the most commonly used processes for machining custom parts to precise tolerances.
Milling can be done with a wide range of machine tools. The original class of machine tools for milling was the milling machine (often called a mill). After the advent of computer numerical control (CNC), milling machines evolved into machining centers: milling machines augmented by automatic tool changers, tool magazines or carousels, CNC capability, coolant systems, and enclosures. Milling centers are generally classified as vertical machining centers (VMCs) or horizontal machining centers (HMCs).
The integration of milling into turning environments, and vice versa, begun with live tooling for lathes and the occasional use of mills for turning operations. This led to a new class of machine tools, multitasking machines (MTMs), which are purpose-built to facilitate milling and turning within the same work envelope.